Ten of the Most Astonishing Historical Buildings in England

England is a country defined not only by its long and often tumultuous history but also by the remarkable buildings that bear witness to it. From medieval castles to grand cathedrals, England’s architectural heritage reveals stories of conquest, devotion, power, innovation, and resilience. The following ten structures have stood the test of time and remain some of the most astonishing historical buildings in the country—each offering a glimpse into the past and an enduring mark on the English landscape.

Tower of London (London)

Date built: 1078
Architectural style: Norman
Key significance: Royal palace, prison, armory, and site of many executions.

The Tower of London is one of the most iconic buildings in English history. Originally built by William the Conqueror shortly after the Norman Conquest in 1066, its central White Tower served as a symbol of domination over the Anglo-Saxon population. Over the centuries, the Tower evolved into a fortress, royal residence, treasury, and prison. Some of England’s most infamous events occurred here—Anne Boleyn’s execution, the mysterious disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, and the imprisonment of Guy Fawkes.

The architecture is a prime example of Norman military design, with its thick walls and strategic towers. Today, the Tower houses the Crown Jewels and remains one of the most visited historical sites in England. shutdown123